Eid al-Ghadeer, on the 18th of Dhu al-Hijjah in the Islamic calendar, is a celebration of the appointment ofAli ibn Abi Talib by the Islamic prophet Muhammad as his successor. The festival also marks the anniversary of Muhammad’s sermon, as described in Hadith of the pond of Khumm in which Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) states, “Whomsoever’s master (maula) I am, Ali is also his (maula) master”. O God, love those who love him, and be hostile to those who are hostile to him.
Several months before his death, Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) made his last pilgrimage to Makkah in what is known as The Farewell Pilgrimage. There, atop Mount Arafat, he addressed Muslim crowds in what came to be known as The Farewell Sermon. After completing the Hajj, Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) started back towards Medina. During his trip, he stopped at the pond at Khumm (now al-Johfa) and appointed “Ali as the master of believers”.
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